Diabetes:
In normal people, food is broken down into glucose in the presence of insulin. With the help of insulin secreted by the pancreas, human cells use blood sugar to get energy and keep the body healthy.
Diabetes is a disease in which the blood sugar concentration rises because the pancreas cannot secrete enough insulin to use glucose.
Types of diabetes
Type 1 diabetes: The cells that secrete insulin in the pancreas function abnormally or are completely impaired. This type of diabetes is seen in children and young people. Therefore, it is also called pediatric diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes: In this type of diabetes, the cells in the pancreas produce insulin. But the body will stop the action of insulin. This type is usually only seen in elderly obese patients. But now it also exists in children and young people.
Diabetes is also seen in pregnant women. If the treatment is not correct, mothers and children may have various health problems.
Symptoms of diabetes
Diabetes has the following characteristics:
- Always feel tired
- Sensation of great thirst (Polydipsia)
- Frequent urination
- Blurred vision
- Always hungry
- Sudden weight loss
- Non-healing of wounds
- Numbness in hands and feet
Causes of diabetes
The exact cause of diabetes is unclear. The body may lack genes that can provide protection in the event of a disease. Diabetics often become obese due to a sedentary lifestyle. Elevated blood triglyceride levels or high blood pressure and a family history of hereditary diabetes.
Diabetes is a warning sign
The health of diabetic patients is on the verge of rapid deterioration. If it is not properly taken care of from the beginning and this care lasts for a lifetime
Diabetes affects both the rich and the poor. And there was no diagnosis for a long time, because the patient did not follow the doctor’s advice for mild symptoms. And the disease will progress to a stage where the symptoms make you feel uncomfortable. Patients have since tended to delay obtaining medical advice. India therefore became the diabetes capital of the world.
There are more than 33 million people with type 2 diabetes, accounting for about 20% of the global diabetic population. It is estimated that by 2030, about 80 million people in India will suffer from diabetes. Other Asian countries have similar development trends.
Diabetes is a lifelong relationship
Diabetics will do their best to control the disease for the rest of their lives. Take the recommended drugs regularly and adjust their diet and lifestyle habits. Patients should receive continuous medical supervision.
Diabetes and the occurrence of serious complications in the future
People with diabetes are at higher risk of other serious complications, such as high blood pressure. Coronary heart disease Vascular disease and underlying tissues When blood sugar levels continue to be high, blood sugar produces certain substances that may be harmful to body cells.
This can damage fragile organs such as the heart, blood vessels, kidneys, nerves, teeth and lower limbs. If treatment is not started, serious complications will begin to occur over time.
Education for diabetic patients
Diabetic patients should be informed about their disease and the necessary care and preventive measures that should be strictly followed. Especially the lower limbs. Diabetic patients have an increased risk of vascular degeneration in the lower extremities. The progression of nerve and tissue damage that causes the toe to be severed depends on the severity of the affected area. So they have to live an addictive life.
Diabetes and heart disease
Diabetic patients are 2-4 times more likely to have a heart attack than normal people. When the heart arteries and the entire circulatory system are blocked, blood volume will decrease, leading to chest pain, difficulty breathing, heel swelling, and atherosclerosis. All this quickly led to a heart attack.
Protect the heart and blood vessels
The rapid onset of serious complications can be minimized in the following ways:
- Reduce high blood sugar levels to normal levels.
- Cut down on foods rich in saturated fat, trans fat, and fat.
Cholesterol food:
- Reduce general salt consumption.
- Control blood pressure and blood lipids.
- Do not smoke or use tobacco.
- Moderate exercise
Kidney disease
The filter membrane will be thicker. Reduced protein excretion can cause kidney damage. The incidence of renal failure caused by diabetes is found in 45% of renal failure cases. A special renal function test is performed to determine the early involvement of renal complications. Because no specific symptoms are found in the early stages of kidney disease complications.
Eye complications
Diabetes damages the smallest capillaries in the eyes. Due to increased intraocular pressure, diabetes can induce glaucoma. Due to retinal blood vessel damage and retinal detachment, vision complications or total blindness may occur.
Amputation of the affected foot
The complication of the foot may be loss of touch. Pain or swelling of the feet Delayed or missing feet Redness of the skin As a preventive measure, the feet should be protected from cuts, scratches, or other injuries.
Wounds caused by poor blood flow to the feet, nerves and tissues are damaged. Eventually, the development of gangrene will result in amputation of the toe or foot. The wound will spread to the diabetic foot